 Solution

Subtype polymorphism lets a reference with a common supertype denote values of different implementing classes. A call through that reference uses dynamic dispatch to select the concrete implementation.

Parametric polymorphism defines an operation or data structure using type parameters, such as a collection with an element-type parameter. Instantiations retain type information while reusing one generic definition.

Ad hoc polymorphism, commonly expressed by method overloading, gives several implementations the same name but different parameter signatures. The compiler selects a suitable overload using the available static types. This selection differs from later dynamic dispatch on the receiver of a selected instance method. A programming language can support all three in one program.