Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-year-1-of-the-computer-science-course-of-the-university-of-oxford/2022/discrete-mathematics-continuous-mathematics-and-probability/discrete-mathematics/3/c/i/solution

Write . Equality of -values defines an equivalence relation induced by a function: equality is reflexive, symmetric, and transitive, so all three properties hold for . The equivalence class of is
For this is the circle centred at the origin with radius ; the remaining equivalence class is the singleton .

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