Positive state-price density alternative
ID: positive-state-price-density-alternative
For deterministic initial asset values and a finite-dimensional terminal random vector , exactly one possibility holds: a portfolio has nonpositive initial cost and nonnegative payoff with strict gain at at least one date, or there is a strictly positive integrable state-price density pricing as displayed. Apply the strictly positive barycentre cone lemma. Outside the closed support cone, strict separation gives a negative-cost portfolio. On its relative boundary, a supporting functional gives a zero-cost portfolio with positive payoff on a set of positive probability. With a traded positive bank account, normalize its discounted density to obtain an equivalent martingale measure.
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