Saturated elementary extension theorem
ID: saturated-elementary-extension-theorem
For every infinite regular cardinal , every first-order structure has a -saturated elementary extension. At one stage use the compactness theorem with the elementary diagram to realize all complete types over subsets of the stage having size less than . There is a set of such types; finite subsets of the enlarged theory are satisfiable because their finitely many witnesses are independent. Iterate for stages, taking elementary unions at limits. Regularity puts any parameter set of size less than inside one stage, and its type is realized at the next one. Passing to a larger regular cardinal covers singular requested degrees of saturation as well.
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