Random displacement of a tagged constituent, even in a material of uniform composition. The displayed long-time relation defines ordinary isotropic diffusion in dimensions.
Self-diffusion refers to the process by which particles, such as atoms or molecules, move within a substance without the influence of external forces or concentration gradients. This phenomenon is particularly significant in solids and liquids, where it describes the movement of identical particles through a medium. In self-diffusion, the atoms or molecules exchange positions with their neighbors due to thermal energy, leading to a gradual spread of the particles throughout the substance.
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