 Tidal disruption event

A tidal disruption event occurs when a star passes close enough to a black hole that differential gravity tears it apart outside the capture boundary, producing returning debris and often a luminous flare.

A tidal disruption event (TDE) occurs when a star passes too close to a supermassive black hole, resulting in the gravitational forces of the black hole tearing the star apart. This event typically happens when the star approaches within a certain critical distance known as the tidal radius. During a TDE, the intense gravitational field of the black hole can exceed the gravitational forces holding the star together, leading to the star being ripped apart.