Truth-matrix countermodel for a Hilbert axiom set

ID: truth-matrix-countermodel-for-a-hilbert-axiom-set

Take ordinary material logical implication on , designate , and interpret negation by the constant-zero operation . Then and are always designated, and modus ponens rule and logical implication discharge preserve consequence. But is false for . Thus the first two schemes and the deduction rule do not derive the last scheme. This detects the loss of a genuine classical-negation principle even though all the displayed schemes are tautologies under the usual classical negation.

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