Winding at logarithmic radial passage levels

ID: winding-at-logarithmic-radial-passage-levels

For planar Brownian motion started at , continuous winding angles sampled at the displayed radii have independent stationary increments. At , apply the Strong Markov property, rotate by the current angle, and rescale space by and time by . The future radial-level winding increment has the original law and is independent of the past. The logarithmic radius and winding angle are independent Brownian coordinates on the common clock . At radial passage they are therefore and , where is a Brownian first-passage time. Its Laplace transform gives the displayed characteristic function. The level process is a symmetric Cauchy process; replacing the passage clock by its right-continuous version supplies a càdlàg modification without changing any fixed-level law.

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