Zero-mode obstruction to bosonic Bogoliubov diagonalization

ID: zero-mode-obstruction-to-bosonic-bogoliubov-diagonalization

For , a finite real squeeze requires . At , the Hamiltonian instead equals , with . The formal oscillator frequency is zero, but this operator is not constant: . Thus a normalizable oscillator ground state and finite canonical squeeze cannot be obtained by simply substituting zero frequency into the positive-frequency formula.

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