Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge 2021 ii Paper 4 15D a Created 2026-09-23 Updated 2026-09-24
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Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge 2021 ii Paper 4 14E c Created 2026-09-23 Updated 2026-09-24
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Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge 2021 ii Paper 4 13J d Created 2026-09-23 Updated 2026-09-24
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Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge 2021 ii Paper 4 13J b Created 2026-09-23 Updated 2026-09-24
Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge 2021 ii Paper 4 13J a Created 2026-09-23 Updated 2026-09-24
Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge 2021 ii Paper 4 12H Solution Created 2026-09-23 Updated 2026-09-25
Multiplying the matrices inductively gives columns and . Their determinant is , and writing givesIf , then for rationals near , factorization against the conjugate root gives ; rationals away from are handled by reducing . Finally , so the upper bound is at most . Unbounded partial quotients contradict the fixed lower bound for a quadratic irrational.
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