A family of accounts in which evaluation of events in relation to goals, well-being and coping possibilities shapes emotion. Cognitive appraisal can be fast and nonverbal. A theory requiring appraisal for every emotional episode must specify the appraisal process independently enough to permit a counterexample.
The account that another person's reaction changes an observer's evaluation of an event, and thereby the observer's emotion. The process can be rapid and need not involve consciously naming the other's feeling. It permits complementary outcomes, such as another person's anger contributing to the observer's fear.
Using another person's emotional reaction as information about an event or relationship. Establishing this mechanism requires evidence about the recipient's evaluation, beyond a correlation between the two people's reports.
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