= Barry M. Brenner
{c}
<Barry M. Brenner> was a researcher in <kidney> <physiology> who helped make the physical forces driving <glomerular filtration> directly accessible to experiment. In 1971, <Barry M. Brenner> and collaborators studied rats whose <glomeruli> lay at the exposed surface of the <kidney>. This anatomical feature let them place pressure-measuring micropipettes inside glomerular <capillaries>, rather than infer their pressure only from upstream arterial measurements.<The Dynamics of Glomerular Ultrafiltration in the Rat by Barry M. Brenner and others>[Byline and Abstract: surface-glomerulus Wistar rats and servo-nulling micropipette transducers]{ref}
The team combined <hydrostatic pressure> measurements with <oncotic pressure> estimates and measurements of filtration by individual <nephrons>. These quantities describe different parts of the mechanism: a pressure difference can drive <water> across the <glomerular filtration barrier>, while the concentration of retained plasma <proteins> opposes that movement. Raising pressure in the receiving compartment can therefore reduce filtration without changing arterial pressure. Connecting these separately measurable quantities made the experiment a test of a physical explanation of <kidney> function.<The Dynamics of Glomerular Ultrafiltration in the Rat by Barry M. Brenner and others>[Abstract: proximal-tubular pressures, plasma colloid-osmotic pressures and single-nephron filtration; qualitative conclusions only, in view of the linked October 1971 correction]{ref}
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