Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge 2023 iii Paper 201 5 a Solution 2026-09-28
The Brownian reflection principle reflects a path after its first hit of and givesSymmetry of the centered normal distribution gives . Both random variables are nonnegative, so their tail distributions agree for every , proving the Brownian running maximum identity .
Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge 2023 iii Paper 201 5 b Solution 2026-09-28
Continuity on the compact interval ensures that a maximum time exists. Fix a rational and defineBy Brownian time reversal and the Brownian running maximum law, . Independent increments give independently of . Their continuous distributions imply .
If the maximum were attained at two distinct times, a rational strictly between them would make the maxima on and equal, hence . A countable union over rational still has probability zero. Therefore the time of the Brownian maximum is almost surely unique.