Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge 2016 iii Paper 124 3 a Solution Created 2026-10-03 Updated 2026-10-06
Use the convention that a z-sieved number is a positive integer with no prime factor strictly below ; is included. Such integers are also called rough numbers. Using instead exclusion of primes at most changes an endpoint convention, not the following fixed- asymptotic.
The Buchstab function is the continuous function determined bySuccessive integration over intervals of length one determines the Buchstab function uniquely from its initial values.
A standard fixed- form of Buchstab theorem states that, for each fixed , as ,For , this agrees with the Prime number theorem, since apart from an immaterial endpoint the z-sieved numbers in this range are and the primes from to . The restriction matters: at the count is bounded, so the displayed asymptotic does not hold there.