Calcium-induced calcium release is activation of release from an intracellular calcium store by cytoplasmic calcium itself. A two-pool model can represent the release flux as a product of saturating functions of store and cytoplasmic concentrations. Together with uptake, leakage and external calcium balance, this positive feedback can generate excitability or sustained oscillation; the existence of oscillation still depends on the full dynamical parameters.
The cytoplasmic concentration gains a constant influx from outside the cell and loses calcium through a first-order extrusion term . The pump flux moves calcium from cytoplasm into the sarcoplasmic reticulum, saturating with cytoplasmic concentration through a Hill function with scale , maximal rate and exponent . The release flux returns stored calcium to the cytoplasm. It requires both calcium in the store and calcium-dependent activation of release; its two saturating factors have scales and exponents . This represents calcium-induced calcium release. The leak is passive return from the store.
Every internal transfer appears with opposite signs in the two balances, so in the model's compatible volume normalization. Only influx and extrusion change the total. The nonlinear pump and activated release can redistribute this total rapidly and generate oscillations even with constant external input.