Classical nucleation theory
= Classical nucleation theory
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Classical nucleation theory balances the positive surface free energy of a droplet against its negative bulk free-energy gain. In three dimensions,
$$
F(R)=4\pi\sigma R^2-\frac{4\pi}{3}\Delta R^3
$$
has critical radius $R^*=2\sigma/\Delta$ and barrier $F^*=16\pi\sigma^3/(3\Delta^2)$.