Conjugating positive bumps while preserving a fundamental interval Created 2026-10-14 Updated 2026-11-05
Let be positive bumps of an order automorphism whose supports of a permutation have matching endpoint types, as required by conjugacy of positive real-line bumps. Suppose , using right actions. Their conjugacy can be chosen to fix pointwise.
Start with an increasing bijection that is the identity on . Such an extension exists because both right endpoints lie strictly beyond . Extend along the bump iterates using , and extend over the complementary rays. Endpoint agreement makes the iterated pieces fit, and gives while retaining the prescribed fixed interval.
There is also a useful commuting version. If both bump supports lie strictly inside one fundamental interval of another order automorphism moving points to the right, choose the conjugator within that cell and fix its endpoints. Repeat it on all -translates of the cell, and use the identity outside the resulting orbital. The pieces define a conjugator commuting with . It also commutes with every automorphism whose support lies in an interval that the conjugator fixes pointwise.
Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge 2002 iii Paper 4 4 ii Solution 2026-10-14
Construct the conjugacy of positive real-line bumps using . Since both and are greater than , choose the fundamental-interval map to be identity on and then increase from to the respective right endpoints. Equivariant extension along and gives a conjugator on their supports fixing . Extend it over the remaining portions of , fixing the endpoints of ; both support intervals lie strictly inside . Call the resulting interval bijection . It satisfies on .
The point lies in a positive orbital of , because . Its half-open cells , , partition that orbital. Extend byand set to identity outside the orbital. Since fixes the cell endpoints, this is an order automorphism and satisfies . Each cell is preserved; and are identity on all cells other than the original one, so holds everywhere. Finally fixes pointwise, and is supported inside that interval. Hence . ThusThis is conjugating positive bumps while preserving a fundamental interval; merely choosing an arbitrary conjugator would not ensure either commutation relation.
Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge 2002 iii Paper 4 4 i Solution 2026-10-14
Write the two supports as and . Every point in a support moves strictly right: a positive nonidentity order automorphism has no fixed point inside its one support interval. Choose , and an increasing bijection matching endpoints. The half-open intervals , for , partition , because the iterates tend to its endpoints. DefineThe endpoint choices make adjacent pieces fit, giving an increasing bijection with . Extend over the two complementary closed rays by increasing maps taking to . Outside the supports both automorphisms are identity, so still holds. Therefore . This gives the conjugacy of positive real-line bumps.