Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge 2018 iii Paper 130 1 iii Solution Created 2026-10-03 Updated 2026-10-05
Let be a word length supplied by the Hales-Jewett theorem for alphabet and two colors. For , embed into by the coordinate duplication for combinatorial lines mapPull back any two-color finite coloring to this word space. The Hales-Jewett theorem gives a monochromatic combinatorial line with nonempty active set . Its image is a combinatorial line whose active set isand hence has size , a positive even integer. ThereforeThe empty set's presence in the family causes no difficulty: the line just constructed has at least two active coordinates.