Near an oscillatory onset of rotating Rayleigh-Bénard convection, opposite travelling roll waves have coupled Hopf bifurcation amplitudes. Symmetry gives the displayed cubic amplitude equations, with generally complex self-coupling and cross-coupling coefficients. Write and . For , a single travelling wave has intensity and is stable against its counterpropagating competitor when . Equal standing-wave intensities are ; with and positive denominator they are stable to intensity differences when . Phase symmetries give orbital, rather than strict phase-decay, stability. Spatial modulation, mean flows and oblique convection rolls require additional stability tests.
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