= DMA buffer synchronization
{c}
Coordinating <CPU> and device access to a <DMA buffer>, including any required <memory cache> maintenance and ordering. A completed device write must be made visible before the <CPU> consumes it. The <Linux kernel> distinguishes coherent mappings from streaming mappings needing synchronization at ownership changes; even coherent mappings can require ordering of writes. https://docs.kernel.org/core-api/dma-api-howto.html[Linux kernel documentation, Dynamic DMA mapping Guide: types of DMA mappings and using streaming DMA mappings]{ref}https://docs.kernel.org/core-api/dma-api.html[James E. J. Bottomley, Linux DMA API, part Ia: coherent buffers and write ordering]{ref}
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