Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge 2024 iii Paper 332 1 iv Solution 2026-09-28
For , part iii gives , , and . PutSubstitution into the nonlinear partial differential equation gives the ordinary differential equationwith boundary conditions
To find the leading edge, set and suppose . The two singular terms in the ordinary differential equation have orders and . Their exponents agree only when . Their leading coefficients then satisfywhereas and the constant drainage are lower-order terms. HenceThe draining gravity current therefore has a one-third-power leading edge and its flux vanishes there.
If a draining gravity current is supplied with volume flux proportional to , a first-kind similarity solution hasprovidedThese relations follow by balancing the time derivative, horizontal lubrication theory flux, vertical drainage, and imposed inlet flux.