Two expressions are equal when they denote the same mathematical object. An equality test in a program implements a specified comparison of represented values; for example, approximate floating-point arithmetic comparison is not identical to exact equality of real numbers.
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In mathematics, equality is a fundamental relationship that asserts that two expressions represent the same value or entity. It is typically denoted by the equality symbol "=". When we say that two things are equal, we mean that they have the same mathematical value or that they are identical in a specific context.