Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge / 2024 / ia / Paper 4 / 5E / Solution Created 2026-09-23 Updated 2026-09-25
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The Euler theorem states that if , then
(1)
Let be the reduced residue classes modulo . Multiplication by permutes them, so
(2)
Their product is a unit and may be cancelled, proving the theorem.
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