Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge 2006 iii Paper 79 2 iv Solution Created 2026-10-03 Updated 2026-10-14
For a Burgers vortex, integrating the axial vorticity gives the azimuthal velocity:The swirl contribution to the viscous dissipation per unit length and per unit density isFor the equality, expand the two squares using ; their integrated difference is proportional to , which vanishes. Substitution of the Gaussian vorticity profile givesThis excess dissipation of a Burgers vortex is independent of kinematic viscosity at fixed strain and circulation . Multiply by the mass density if a dimensional power per length is wanted.
The qualification "excess" matters. The imposed uniform strain itself has viscous dissipation density per unit mass, so its integral over an infinite cross-section diverges. One must subtract that background or restrict to a finite cross-section. In a core-sized area, its contribution is of order , smaller than the swirl contribution by order as .
Meanwhile shrinks and the central vorticity grows. The finite dissipation becomes concentrated in a narrow tube: a useful local model of internal intermittency and the turbulent dissipation anomaly, though not a proof that an entire turbulent flow consists of such vortices.