Fermion mass matrix (source code)

= Fermion mass matrix
{title2=$-\bar f_LM_ff_R+\mathrm{h.c.}$}

After a scalar vacuum expectation value, a <Yukawa matrix> produces a bilinear $-\bar f_LM_ff_R+\mathrm{h.c.}$. Independent unitary left/right rotations diagonalize $M_f$ with nonnegative masses. Extra scalar-dependent operators can make the physical scalar coupling matrix fail to diagonalize with the mass matrix.