Galois group of a finite field extension Created 2026-10-03 Updated 2026-10-05
Every finite field extension is a Galois extension, and
Let be the maximal unramified extension of , with residue field . First show that every geometric solution of lies in .
The multiplication-by-n morphism on the reduced elliptic curve is surjective over . Choose with , defined over some finite finite field extension . Let be the corresponding finite unramified extension. By the surjectivity of good reduction over a local field, lift to . Then . The multiplication isomorphism of a formal group law gives a unique with , so is an -division point of defined over .
Taking gives every element of over : reduction is injective on this torsion point of an elliptic curve group because is injective on the formal kernel, and each reduced -torsion point has the unique corrected lift just constructed. Every other division point differs from one lift by an element of . Hence the entire field is unramified, not merely a field containing one choice of .
To bound the composite uniformly in , put . This division field of an elliptic curve is unramified. The Galois group of is procyclic, generated topologically by its Frobenius element , and fixes every element of . If , then
Iteration gives . In particular . Thus every such , for every together, lies in the unique unramified extension of degree . If is the composite of all these fields, the uniform unramified division field over a local field gives
The prime-to- hypothesis is essential to the inverse-series argument; no assertion about arbitrary -division is being made.