Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge 2012 iii Paper 25 6 b Solution Created 2026-10-03 Updated 2026-10-07
Define the forgetful functor , acting as the identity on underlying morphisms. Define the free algebra functor byThe monad laws make an algebra for a monad structure, and naturality of makes an monad algebra morphism.
For , define the transpose mapsThe map is an monad algebra morphism, because naturality of and the algebra associativity law giveFor , naturality of gives . Conversely, if is an monad algebra morphism, thenPrecomposing by a map into or postcomposing by an monad algebra morphism respects both formulas. Thus the bijection is natural and . This is the free-forgetful Eilenberg-Moore adjunction.
Its adjunction unit is the given ; its adjunction counit at is the monad algebra morphism . Hence , and the induced multiplication is the underlying counit at , namely . Therefore this adjunction induces exactly the original monad, including its unit and multiplication of a monad.