Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge 2016 iii Paper 309 1 iii 3 Solution Created 2026-10-03 Updated 2026-10-06
All free indices below are spatial, and . Contract the vacuum Ricci tensor using :Reversing both antisymmetric curvature pairs identifies the last term as . The spatial Gauss–Codazzi equations for a spatial hypersurface then giveFor the magnetic part of the Weyl tensor, moving the normal to the first slot of the metric volume tensor introduces a minus sign:The remaining curvature indices are spatial, so the normal projection in the Gauss–Codazzi equations for a spatial hypersurface givesThe interchange makes the two spatial covariant derivative terms equal. Thus the constants, with the paper's orientation and extrinsic-curvature convention, areIn particular, the sign of the magnetic expression must include the minus from moving past the first volume-tensor index. These formulas reconstruct the spatial electric part of the Weyl tensor and magnetic part of the Weyl tensor from the induced metric and the extrinsic curvature of a spatial hypersurface.
Vacuum Weyl tensors from hypersurface data 2026-10-06
For a Ricci-flat spacetime with the stated Gauss–Codazzi equations for a spatial hypersurface and induced orientation , the electric part of the Weyl tensor and magnetic part of the Weyl tensor satisfyThe electric relation comes from the vanishing spatial projection of the Ricci tensor. The magnetic relation combines the normal curvature projection with the sign .