Hamiltonian graph 2026-10-14
A Hamiltonian graph is a graph containing a Hamilton cycle. This describes existence of a spanning graph cycle, rather than requiring every edge of the graph to belong to that graph cycle. In the finite simple graph convention, is a Hamiltonian graph for , because any ordering of its vertices closes using available edges.
A Hamiltonian graph must be a connected graph and have minimum degree : each vertex has two distinct neighbours on its Hamilton cycle. It also has no cut vertex. Indeed, deleting any vertex from the Hamilton cycle leaves a graph path through every remaining vertex, so the remaining graph is connected. These are quick ways to rule out a Hamilton cycle.[ref]
Even these conditions together are not sufficient: the complete bipartite graph is connected, has minimum degree two and no cut vertex, but has no Hamilton cycle. Every graph cycle in a bipartite graph alternates between its two parts, using equally many vertices from each; it cannot use all two and all three.
In the other direction, Dirac's theorem gives a sufficient condition: a finite simple graph with and has a Hamilton cycle. Failure of this inequality proves nothing by itself: the cycle graph has a Hamilton cycle despite .[ref]