= Hertzian dipole
{c}
{title2=$\mathbf p(t)=p(t)\widehat{\mathbf z}$}
A <Hertzian dipole> is an ideal electrically short oscillating <electric dipole> used to model radiation from a localized current element. In <vacuum> its far-field <electric dipole radiation> has $\sin^2\theta$ angular power distribution and total <power> $P=\mu_0|\ddot{\mathbf p}|^2/(6\pi c)$, evaluated at the <retarded time>. The <electric-dipole approximation for radiation> requires a source much smaller than its radiation <wavelength>.
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