= Indium tin oxide
<Indium tin oxide> is a conducting oxide material based on <indium oxide> doped with <tin>. It is valued for combining substantial <electrical conductivity> with transmission of visible <light>, allowing a thin layer to function as an electrode through which light can pass. Its composition is not represented by one universal stoichiometric formula.<Quantification and impact of nonparabolicity of the conduction band of indium tin oxide on its plasmonic properties by Xiaoge Liu and others>[2014, introduction and carrier-density-dependent optical/electrical measurements]{ref}
The two properties probe different responses. Direct-current conduction measures mobile <charge carriers>, while optical transmission depends on frequency-dependent absorption and reflection as well as film thickness. Increasing carrier density can therefore change the optical response together with conductivity. Measurements of <Hall effect> and optical resonances help connect the electrical and optical descriptions of the same film.<Quantification and impact of nonparabolicity of the conduction band of indium tin oxide on its plasmonic properties by Xiaoge Liu and others>[Figure 3: Hall-derived density, plasma frequency and mobility]{ref}
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