Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge 2021 ii Paper 3 37C b Solution Created 2026-09-24 Updated 2026-09-25
Let , define the tortoise coordinate by , and set the advanced time . Since , substitution givesThese are Ingoing Eddington-Finkelstein coordinates; all coefficients are regular at the event horizon .
Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge 2021 ii Paper 3 37C c i Solution Created 2026-09-24 Updated 2026-09-25
Outside the ingoing null shell the enclosed mass is , so use the ingoing Ingoing Eddington-Finkelstein coordinatesThis is the Schwarzschild metric of mass , regular across and valid for on the exterior side of the shell.
Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge 2022 iii Paper 311 2 b Solution 2026-09-28
Define the ingoing coordinateThen andThis is the higher-dimensional analogue of Ingoing Eddington-Finkelstein coordinates. Its metric and inverse are regular at , including when the zero is degenerate. A gauge transformation removes the singular radial term in the transformed potential, leaving the regular representative . These expressions analytically extend the spacetime through the future outer horizon.
Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge 2025 ii Paper 3 37E b Solution Created 2026-09-24 Updated 2026-09-25
Since and ,Substitution into the metric givesThese are Ingoing Eddington-Finkelstein coordinates. Every coefficient is finite at , and the determinant of the block is . Thus the apparent singularity there in Schwarzschild coordinates is a coordinate singularity; the metric extends smoothly across the Schwarzschild event horizon.