Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge 2008 ii Paper 4 20G b Solution Created 2026-09-24 Updated 2026-10-14
The polynomial is irreducible by Eisenstein criterion at two, so is a rational basis and each of these elements is integral. The nontrivial automorphism of sends to . For an algebraic integer , its relative trace and the trace of the algebraic integer areBoth are in , proving . Multiplying by its conjugate gives the field normAgain this is in , so both displayed coefficients are integers.
To finish the denominator argument, put , , , , all integers. The two norm coefficients implyThe second congruence modulo two first gives even. Modulo four it then gives even. Therefore vanishes modulo four, and the first congruence reads . The possible squares modulo four force even and then even. Returning to the second congruence now gives , so is divisible by four. Thus are all integers.
Conversely, every integer linear combination of these powers is integral. We have proved the integral basis of the fourth-root-of-two field: