Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge 2017 ia Paper 3 11B c Solution Created 2026-09-24 Updated 2026-10-05
The directional derivative along the specified vector field givesUse the magnitude formula for the curvature of an integral curve of a vector field:It vanishes on the plane and on the axis away from the origin, consistent with straight field lines there. At the origin the vector field vanishes, so it fails the nowhere-zero hypothesis and this field-line curvature is not defined.
As an independent geometric check, an integral curve of a vector field satisfies , , , giving . Its velocity is and acceleration ; the ordinary curvature of a space curve formula gives the same expression.