Uniqueness of an invariant bilinear form on a simple Lie algebra Created 2026-09-24 Updated 2026-11-05
Every invariant bilinear form on a Lie algebra on a finite-dimensional complex simple Lie algebra is a scalar multiple of its Killing form . Since is nondegenerate, there is a unique endomorphism with , even when itself is degenerate. Invariance of both forms gives . Thus intertwines the Adjoint representation of a Lie algebra, which is an irreducible representation because its invariant subspaces are ideals of a Lie algebra. The Schur lemma gives , hence . In particular, every nonzero such form is automatically nondegenerate and symmetric.