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Kenneth G. Wilson developed the renormalization group as a quantitative method for studying a critical phenomenon. Repeatedly changing the length scale reorganizes a model's parameters, exposing fixed points and the perturbations that grow or shrink near them. With Michael Ellis Fisher, he calculated critical exponents by expanding about four spatial dimensions. This explains why systems with different microscopic details can share critical behavior and gives controlled corrections to simple mean-field predictions.^[ref]

A physicist.^[ref]