Differentiate along the worldline. The symmetric contraction vanishes by the Killing equation. Using the Lorentz force and , the remaining force term cancels . Hence
Killing equation is . For the stress-energy current from a Killing vector ,
The first term vanishes on shell, while the second contracts the symmetric tensor with the antisymmetric derivative selected by Killing's equation. Thus .
For and , put . The stationary Killing vector field normalized at infinity generates the outer Killing horizon. In an ingoing null chart its covector is on that horizon; the Killing equation then gives , where . Thus the positive nonextremal surface gravity is . It tends to zero when , where the horizon becomes a degenerate Killing horizon. The past horizon branch has the opposite signed nonaffinity for the same time-translation field.
Second covariant derivative of a Killing vector Created 2026-09-29 Updated 2026-10-07
For a Killing vector field and the curvature convention ,
The identity follows by combining the Ricci identity, Killing equation, and first Bianchi identity.