Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge 2023 ii Paper 3 29K d Solution Created 2026-09-24 Updated 2026-09-25
By continuity of Brownian motion, the event that the last strict crossing of occurs by time isApply part (b) with and interchanged and its time parameter replaced by . This turns the right-hand side intoPart (c), now with drift , barrier , and horizon , givesThis is the distribution function of the last passage time above a level for Brownian motion with negative drift. Taking givesthe probability that the negatively drifted Brownian path never exceeds , consistent with the infinite-horizon crossing probability for Brownian motion with negative drift.