Accounts in which language influences aspects of cognition or perception. A task-specific effect of verbal resources is weaker than a claim that language is necessary for the existence of a sensory experience.

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Linguistic relativity, often associated with the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis, is the idea that the structure and vocabulary of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive the world. This concept suggests that language is not just a tool for communication, but also shapes cognitive processes and worldview. There are two main interpretations of linguistic relativity: 1. **Weak Linguistic Relativity**: This version posits that language influences thought and perception to some extent but does not determine them.