Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge 2013 iii Paper 36 1 c Solution Created 2026-10-03 Updated 2026-10-07
Use the stated characterization by the Lq null space property. Raising an Lq quasi-norm comparison to its positive exponent preserves its order, so the hypothesis at says that, for every nonzero and every ,We prove the corresponding inequality; this is monotonicity of uniform sparse recovery in the exponent.
Fix a nonzero null space vector and arrange its coordinate magnitudes as . Assume . The Lq null space property rules out a nonzero null space vector supported on at most coordinates, so and . Since , the factors are at most for and at least for with . Terms with contribute zero and require no negative power of zero. ThusThe largest coordinates maximize the -power sum on any set of size at most . Its complement therefore has the smallest complementary -power sum. The displayed strict inequality proves the Lq null space property at exponent for every allowed support of a vector. The stated recovery characterization now applies to the Lq quasi-norm at .
If , the measurement constraint already singles out , for every objective; if , only the zero sparse vector needs recovery. These cases do not need a positive threshold. Uniform recovery at implies uniform recovery at every :
Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge 2017 iii Paper 340 3 b Solution Created 2026-10-03 Updated 2026-10-06
It is equivalent to minimize or its th power , because taking the th root is strictly increasing. For , this is an Lq quasi-norm, while gives the L1 norm.
Assume the Lq null space property of order . Let have support of a vector with , and let be any distinct feasible vector. Then . The triangle inequality for complex magnitudes and the subadditivity giveFor the same inequality follows directly from the triangle inequality. Since off ,Thus is the unique minimizer.
Conversely, suppose every -sparse vector is the unique minimizer for its measurements. Fix and any with . The vectors and are distinct and satisfy , since . Uniqueness for this therefore implies , exactly the required strict inequality. HenceThe quantifier is uniform over the entire sparse class. Recovery of one particular signed vector alone would not imply this null space property.