= Ludwig Prandtl
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= L. Prandtl
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<Ludwig Prandtl> explained why a <fluid> with very small <viscosity> can still experience substantial wall effects. In a thin <boundary layer>, rapid transverse changes of <velocity> make viscous stresses important even when they are negligible in the outer flow. Matching these regions reconciles an almost inviscid exterior with the wall's <no-slip boundary condition>. The approach also connects separation of the near-wall flow with large changes in the forces on a body.<Motion of fluids with very little viscosity by L. Prandtl>[NACA Technical Memorandum 452, translated paper: small-viscosity approximation and boundary layer]{ref}
\Image[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:Redirect/file/Prandtl_portrait.jpg?width=260]
{title=Portrait of <Ludwig Prandtl>}
{description=DLR, CC-BY 3.0; photographer unknown. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/de/deed.en[CC BY 3.0], via Wikimedia Commons.}
{source=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Prandtl_portrait.jpg}
{width=260}
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