= Michael Pepper
{c}
{tag=Physicist}
= M. Pepper
{c}
{synonym}
An experimental <condensed matter physicist> who coauthored the observation of quantized Hall resistance in a <two-dimensional electron gas>. A silicon transistor supplied the confined carriers; Hall-voltage measurements revealed plateaus insensitive to device geometry. The <integer quantum Hall effect> therefore connected an electronic transport experiment to precision determination of fundamental constants.<New Method for High-Accuracy Determination of the Fine-Structure Constant Based on Quantized Hall Resistance by Klaus von Klitzing and others>[Byline and abstract: silicon transistor, fixed Hall-resistance values and geometry independence]{ref}
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