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Joined 2026-09-21 Message
Incoming links: Missingness overlap from marginal and complete-case counts
Age is available for all 1784 respondents. Blocking responses are available for 1700, and populism classification for 1692. Among valid responses, 15.76% report blocking someone and 71.75% are classified as populist. “Not know” is a recorded substantive response, distinct from the missing observations.
A frequency table gives category counts and percentages. A full-sample percentage divides by 1784, whereas a valid percentage divides by the number observed for that variable. A cumulative percentage adds categories in the displayed order. Differences between the two percentage columns therefore reflect missing values, while small discrepancies from 100% can arise from rounding error.
The age groups contain 329 respondents aged 18–24, 320 aged 25–34, 371 aged 35–44, 323 aged 45–54 and 441 aged 55+, approximately 18.44%, 17.94%, 20.80%, 18.11% and 24.72%. The oldest category is the largest, but it is open-ended and spans a different width from the younger categories, so its larger count does not establish a higher frequency per single year of age. The ordered cumulative 57.18% means that about that proportion is younger than 45. The displayed final 100.01% is compatible with rounding, not an extra respondent. There are no reported missing ages.
Blocking has valid counts 133 Not know, 1299 No and 268 Yes. Dividing by all respondents gives approximately 7.46%, 72.81% and 15.02%; dividing by the 1700 valid responses gives about 7.82%, 76.41% and 15.76%. The remaining 84 observations, 4.71% of the full sample, are missing. The distinction matters: 15.02% is not the same denominator-based statement as 15.76%. Not knowing that blocking was possible is a supplied answer category, not one of those 84 missing values. It should not be deleted or merged merely because its label contains “know”.
Blocking is a nominal categorical variable in this form. Yes and No identify a binary behaviour, while Not know additionally records awareness. There is no automatic substantive ordinal scale Not know No Yes. Consequently its cumulative percentage is tied to the printing order and should not be read as a universal low-to-high blocking scale. This point will limit interpretation of the later ordinal coefficients.
There are 478 observed Not-populist classifications and 1214 Populist classifications. These represent 26.79% and 68.05% of the full sample, or 28.25% and 71.75% of the 1692 classified respondents. The 92 missing classifications account for 5.16%. These percentages describe the particular classification and sample; the output does not supply the instrument used to define populism or establish prevalence in a wider population. Adding missing cases to either substantive group would invent their classifications.
The later table uses only 1629 observations with both blocking and populism observed. It is smaller than either marginal valid total, as expected under complete-case analysis. The missingness overlap from marginal and complete-case counts givesThus 63 have blocking missing but populism observed, 71 have populism missing but blocking observed, and 21 have both missing. These totals reconcile the denominators without reconstructing individual records. They do not establish a missing-data mechanism such as missing completely at random; selection into complete cases could affect later associations.