Molecular rotation
= Molecular rotation
<Molecular rotation> changes a <molecule>'s orientation. Its <rotational kinetic energy> depends on the arrangement and <masses> of its <chemical atoms>. A <rigid rotor> freezes internal distances to isolate this motion; <rotational spectroscopy> tests the resulting <energy eigenvalues> through transitions between <quantum states>. The <molecular beam electric resonance> experiment provides a complementary probe of the coupling to an <electric field>.