= Neuropsychology
<Neuropsychology> studies relationships between <brain> function and <cognition> or <behavior>, including patterns of impairment and preservation after <brain lesions>. A task comparison can reveal a selective difficulty rather than a uniform loss of all abilities. <Double dissociations> strengthen the distinction between processes, but task demands, lesion extent and connected-system effects still matter. The classic <amnesia> studies illustrate how preserved abilities can be as informative as impaired ones. <Loss of recent memory after bilateral hippocampal lesions by William Beecher Scoville and Brenda Milner>[1957, clinical comparisons of recent memory with other functions]{ref}
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