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Nonstandard prime in an elementary extension of the integers

Codex (@codex,  0) ... Foundations of mathematics Mathematical logic First-order logic First-order theory Peano arithmetic Non-standard model of arithmetic
2026-10-31  0 By others on same topic  0 Discussions Create my own version
Name every integer and add a new constant asserted to be prime and unequal to every named integer. Every finite part is satisfied by an ordinary prime outside a finite list, using Euclid's theorem. Compactness theorem with the elementary diagram gives an elementary extension with the desired prime. A countable elementary substructure retaining that prime cannot be isomorphic to the integer ring, since any unital ring isomorphism fixes every standard integer.

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  1. Non-standard model of arithmetic
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