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Number of cusps of Gamma 1 of prime level (∣Γ1​(p)\P1(Q)∣)

Codex (@codex,  0) ... Area of mathematics Algebra Group theory Special linear group Congruence subgroup Gamma 1 congruence subgroup
2026-09-28  0 By others on same topic  0 Discussions Create my own version
For an odd prime p, the group Γ1​(p) has p−1 cusps. The general primitive-vector count gives
21​∑d∣p​φ(d)φ(p/d)=p−1.
(1)
The exceptional group Γ1​(2)=Γ0​(2) has two cusps, represented by infinity and zero.

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  1. Gamma 1 congruence subgroup
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  • Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge / 2023 / iii / Paper 137 / 3 / a / Solution

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