Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge / 2021 / iii / Paper 160 / 3 / a / i

Trace the southeast boundary of the Hook of a Young diagram based at $(i,j)$. At each horizontal boundary step record the hook length $h_{i,y}$ of the cell in row $i$ above that step. At each vertical step ending beside row $x$, record $h_{i,j}-h_{x,j}$. Starting at the northeast end and moving to the southwest end, these records increase by one from $1$ to $h_{i,j}$; horizontal and vertical steps are disjoint and account for every step. Therefore the Hook-interval decomposition at a Young-diagram cell is