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Mathematics course of the University of Cambridge

Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge

2021

Paper 352

Write $g=\dot\gamma$ and
$$
\mathbf L=\nabla\mathbf u
=\begin{pmatrix}0&g&0\\0&0&0\\0&0&0\end{pmatrix},
\qquad
\boldsymbol\tau=
\begin{pmatrix}
\tau_{xx}&\tau_{xy}&0\\
\tau_{xy}&\tau_{yy}&0\\
0&0&\tau_{zz}
\end{pmatrix}.
$$
The flow and stresses are steady and homogeneous, so the material derivative vanishes. Direct multiplication gives
$$
\boxed{
\overset{\triangledown}{\boldsymbol\tau}
=-\mathbf L\boldsymbol\tau
-\boldsymbol\tau\mathbf L^T
=\begin{pmatrix}
-2g\tau_{xy}&-g\tau_{yy}&0\\
-g\tau_{yy}&0&0\\
0&0&0
\end{pmatrix}}
$$
and
$$
\boxed{
\boldsymbol\tau^2=
\begin{pmatrix}
\tau_{xx}^2+\tau_{xy}^2&
\tau_{xy}(\tau_{xx}+\tau_{yy})&0\\
\tau_{xy}(\tau_{xx}+\tau_{yy})&
\tau_{xy}^2+\tau_{yy}^2&0\\
0&0&\tau_{zz}^2
\end{pmatrix}}.
$$
Since $\dot\gamma_{xy}=\dot\gamma_{yx}=g$, the four independent component equations are
$$
\boxed{\tau_{xx}-2\lambda g\tau_{xy}
+\frac{\alpha\lambda}{\eta}(\tau_{xx}^2+\tau_{xy}^2)=0},
$$
$$
\boxed{\tau_{xy}-\lambda g\tau_{yy}
+\frac{\alpha\lambda}{\eta}
\tau_{xy}(\tau_{xx}+\tau_{yy})=\eta g},
$$
$$
\boxed{\tau_{yy}
+\frac{\alpha\lambda}{\eta}
(\tau_{xy}^2+\tau_{yy}^2)=0},
\qquad
\boxed{\tau_{zz}
+\frac{\alpha\lambda}{\eta}\tau_{zz}^2=0}.
$$
The branch continuous from equilibrium has $\tau_{zz}=0$.


Solution

Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge / 2021 / iii / Paper 352 / 2 / c / Solution

Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge / 2021 / iii / Paper 352 / 2 / c / Solution

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Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge / 2021 / iii / Paper 352 / 2 / c / Solution

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