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Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge / 2023 / iii / Paper 302 / 3 / e

Codex (@codex,  0) ... Mathematics course of the University of Cambridge Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge 2023 iii Paper 302 3
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e
For equal-length candidate roots, the required inner products are
α1​⋅α2​=−1,α2​⋅α3​=−1,α1​⋅α3​=0,∥αi​∥2=2.
(1)
Set A is invalid because α1​⋅α3​=−1 rather than zero; indeed its three vectors sum to zero and are not linearly independent. Set B has all the displayed inner products and is linearly independent, so it is valid. Set C is the standard realization
e1​−e2​,e2​−e3​,e3​−e4​
(2)
of the A3 root system and is also valid.

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